Uyghur movement: China's insurgency in Xinjiang.

Bordering Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and POK, Xinjiang is the Uyghur Autonomous Region in North West of China and  makes up one-sixteenth of China's territory  The Uighur   are ethnically   turkic group which is approx 90 lakhs in population.  Urumchi   is  the  capital   of the   Xinjiang   Uyghur Autonomous Region. Urumchi was  a way-station on the fabled silk route .China has always been worrying on the issue of controlling religious fundamentalism since the region has a majority muslim population.

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 Source-http://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2008/08/12/xinjiang-province-terror-across-central-asia and http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/uighur.htm