CDS II-2014

CDS II 2014
Arrange the following tiger reserves from North to South
1. Indravati
2.Dudhwa
3. Bandipur 
4. Similipal
Select the correct answer using the code given below
a. 3-4-1-2
b. 4-2-3-1
c. 2-4-1-3
d.2-1-4-3
Indravati National Park is located in Dantewada district of South Chhattisgarh.
The Dudhwa National Park is a national park in the Terai of Uttar Pradesh
Bandipur National Park is located in the Karnataka.
Simlipal National Park is located in Mayurbhanj district of North Odisha.
Your take ?

GK

some GK Question:-
1. 45 th Dada Sahab Falke Award has been conferred upon-----
2. _______is the National Security Adviser.
3. ________has succeeded Mr Bill Gates as CEO Microsoft.
4. Traditionally, the COAS of India is also honorary general of ___army.
5. _______is the winner of Football World Cup, 2014 held in Brazil.
6. _______is the name of cloud computing initiative by the Government of India.
7. The ambititious high speed rail network , proposed in rail Budget , 2014 is called _______.
8. The winner of wmbledon Men's Tennis, 2014 is __________.

CDS II-2014

CDS II 2014
Arrange the following features formed by rivers in its course starting from upstream:
1. Meanders.
2. Falls.
3. Delta.
4. Oxbow Lake
select the correct answer using the code given below:
a. 2-1-3-4
b. 2-1-4-3
c. 1-2-3-4
d. 1-4-2-3
Upstream means starting from the uppeer reaches of a river. Falss are possible only when a river is losing height suddenly. Next comes meanders.  When a river reach  flatter land,flow is slowed down and  meanders are formed through erosion of the river banks and deposition on the inside of bends.
Oxbow lake is formed when a  wide meander is cut off  from the main   river, creating a free-standing body of water.
delta is formed at the mouth of a river,  where the river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, or reservoir.
Your take ?
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Vocab-Aphorism

Vocab
aphorism

a blunt,witty remark which contains a general truth.
Example 
The simplest questions are the hardest to answer.
Northrop Frye
“Having nothing, nothing can he lose.”(Henry VI) by Shakespeare

Aphorism often comes with a little humour. Proverbs, maxims, adages and clichés are other forms of aphorism.

English-Sanguine

Sanguine is being confident and hopeful, despite being in a difficult situation.
Sanguine is from Latin word sanguis meaning "blood". It originally meant "bloody".
In medieval medicine it described someone whose ruddy complexion( healthy red colour of a person's face) was a sign of an optimistic outlook.

She is sanguine about her bright married life despite having reservations about in-laws family.

Amīr Khusro

Amīr Khusro was a a poet, a sufi mystic and an iconic figure in the cultural history of the India.

He was a disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya of Delhi. He has invented Sitar and Tabla. He is also regarded as the "father of Qawwali".
He wrote poetry in Persian and in Hindavi.

The Ḳhāliq Bārī, containing Arabic, Persian, and Hindavi terms is a vocabulary in verse,attributed to Khushro.

He introduced the Ghazal style of song into India. He is also credited with introducing Persian, Arabic and Turkish elements into Indian classical music and was the originator of the khayal and tarana styles of music.

He has written in many verse forms including Ghazal, Masnavi, Qata, Rubai, Do-Beti and Tarkibhand.

Lik

Net Foreign Factor Income (NFFI).

Net Foreign Factor Income (NFFI). It is the difference between the aggregate amount that a country’s citizens and companies earn abroad, and the aggregate amount that foreign citizens and overseas companies earn in that country.
The NFFI's impact may not be be significant for most nations where income earned abroad offsets money paid to foreign nationals within the country. But it is significant for smaller nations who have substantial foreign investment and very few assets overseas. In this case, their GDP will be quite high compared to GNP.

In mathematical terms, NFFI = GNP - GDP.

Gross National Product (GNP)

Gross National Product (GNP)
It is GDP, plus any income earned by residents from overseas investments, minus income earned within the domestic economy by overseas residents.

So, it is income of all Indians irrespective of the the country they currently reside minus income of foreign nationals residing in India.

If an American company produces cars in the India, this production will be counted towards India's GDP. However, if the American company sends 50 m dollars of profits back to shareholders in US, then this outflow of profit is subtracted from GNP. Indian nationals don’t benefit from this profit.

If an Indian medicine company unit produces medicines in the US , and sends back profit to India , it will be added to India's GNP.

Dhrupad

Dhrupad. Dhrupad is the oldest existing form of North Indian classical music.The origin of this music is linked to the recitation of Sama Veda. Dhrupad's purpose is to worship, rather than to entertain the audience.
Ustad Zia Fariduddin Dagar, represented the 19th generation of the Dagarbani musical tradition.
Prominent Gharanas of Dhrupad Tradition :-
The Dagar Family
Talwandi Gharana
Darbhanga Gharana
Bettiah Gharana

Sania Mirza and Bruno Soares

Sania Mirza and Bruno Soares of Brazil lifted 2014 U.S. Open trophy after defeating Santiago Gonzalez of Mexico and Abigail Spears of the U.S. in the mixed doubles final match.
This was her third grand Slam title.She won the 2009 Australian Open, 2012 French Open , all in the mixed doubles category. 
The 2014 U.S. Open tennis tournament final was held in New York on September 5, 2014.

Tweel

Tweel. French tyre company Michelin has designed a revolutionary Tweel. This is a blend of tyre and wheel . It has no tube, no tyre and no air. The entire wheel is a single piece construction consisting of a tread supported by an intricate pattern of polyurethane which act as spokes. They are deformable, when going over an obstacle and will revert to original shape after passing over it. it will have three times life of present day tyre and can be retreaded

Marin Cilic

Croatia’s Marin Cilic has triumphed at US Open defeating Kei Nishikori, winning $3 million in addition to the trophy.
Kei Nishikori,a Japanese, is the first man from Asia to reach a Grand Slam final.

Serena Williams

Serena Williams, ranked and seeded No. 1, won her third consecutive U.S. Open championship and 18 th major title overall.

Williams equalled Chris Evert and Martina Navratilova record of 18 Grand Slam singles titles.

Girnar mountains Edicts

Girnar mountains are located in Junagarh Districts of Saurashtra( Gujrat). Girnar is the highest mountain of Gujrat , older than Himalays and is a sacred place for Hindus and Jains.
Three important rulers of India have left their inscriptions and edicts on Girnar Mountains:-
1. Ashoka- 14 edicts of Ashoka of 250 BC vintage. In Brahmi script of Pali language mention the resistance to greed and animal sacrifice and also moralize the principles of purity of thought, secularism in thinking, kindness and gratitude.
2. Skandgupta AD 455-67 of Gupta Dynasty
3. Rudradamana(Kshtrap ruler) of 2nd century AD( 150 CE) .His inscription written in Sanskrit Language mentions about the Sudarshan Lake, built originally by the great Mauryan emperors and repaired by Mahakshtrap Rudradaman

Polymetallic nodules

Polymetallic nodules . These are abiotic mineral resources and found as nodules in oceans.
Polymetallic nodules are Ferrous-Magnese oxide deposits. They are of potato shape, porous and black earthy colour. Their size ranges from 2 to 10 cm in diameter.
Nodules occur at nearly 4 to 5 km depth in the deep oceans . They take about one million year to grow to a size one mm. India has obtained the technology of exploiting these mineral nodules from the seabed and was the first country in the world to obtain permission from United Nations!

Indus Water Treaty

Indus Water Treaty.The treaty was signed on September 19,1960, by Jawaharlal Nehru and Ayub Khan in Karachi. 
Under the Treaty , Pakistan can inspect sites of development works such as projects or dams to check that no diversion has been created to the river flow, which could deny it the unhindered flow.
It is for the first time since the treaty was signed, Pakistan officials are arriving at Manali to inspect Miar Hydropower project.

Chenani - Nashri Tunnel

India's longest road tunnel, the 9 km long Chenani - Nashri Tunnel .
http://www.leighton.co.in/project/30/chenani_nashri_tunnel

Leighton India :: Chenani-Nashri Tunnel Project

www.leighton.co.in

Leighton India secured a contract to construct a major road tunnel in Northern India. As India's longest road tunnel, the 9 km long Chenani - Nashri Tunnel is being built under the lower Himalayan mountain range to 

Big Bang Theory

Big Bang Theory is the most accepted theory regarding the origin of Universe. It is believed that a gigantic explosion formed small atoms which initiated the formation of the Universe. At that moment, all the matter of the universe were located at a single place from where they began their explosive expansion. In this way, first atoms were created and then molecules were formed out of atoms.Eventually a nebula was formed. The universe is still expanding.
A Nebula is a huge cloud floating in the Universe , is interstellar clouds of dust and gas.Thus, Nebulas are either remnants of matter from the original big bang or the result of stars either collapsing or going supernova( exploding to die). The temperature at the centre of nebula is very high because of collision of atoms and molecules at attracted by the gravity of each other. When the temperature rises above 10 million degree Celsius, nuclear chain reactions take place place and a new star is born. Thus, a nebula is a birth place of stars.( Nebula simply means cloud in Latin)

Gobind Sagar

Gobind Sagar is an artificial reservoir on the river Sutlej, to supply water for Bhakra Dam. to augment the level of water into the reservoir, the Beas-Sutlej link starting from Pandoh at Beas was constructed.
It is situated in Bilaspur District, Himachal Pradesh, and was in the news when a bus fell into the reservoir killing 30 persons.
Bhakhra Dam ( 222.5 m high ) second highest dam in India. tehri Dam is the highest at 261 m.

Shipki La

Shipki La is a high mountain pass( in Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh) .The border post on the India-China border is at a height of 18,599 feet above the sea level. The Sutlej river enters India (from Tibet) through this pass. 
The pass, close to town of Khab, is India's third border post for trade with Tibet after Nathu La in Sikkim, and Lipulekh in Uttarakhand.
During recent visit of Chinese President, pople of Himachal were hoping this route to be considered for pilgrimage to Kailas Mansarovar.
Shipkila is an offshoot of the ancient Silk Road

Indian Gold Medal Winners at Incheon

Indian Gold Medal Winners at Incheon
http://news.oneindia.in/sports/photos-india-gold-medal-winners-at-asian-games-2014-incheon-11-golds-1534555.html#slide17056

PHOTOS: India's gold medal winners at Asian Games 2014

news.oneindia.in

PHOTOS: India's gold medal winners at Asian Games 2014. 11 gold medals were won by India in Incheon

Nobel Peace Prize 2014

Nobel Peace Prize. Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Usufzai share the 2014 Nobel peace prize.
They have been awarded the prize for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. 
Kailash Satyarthi, maintaining has headed various forms of protests and demonstrations, all peaceful, focusing on the grave exploitation of children for financial gain. He has also contributed to the development of important international conventions on children’s rights.His organization, Bachpan Bachao Andolan, has freed over 80,000 children from various forms of servitude and helped in successful re-integration, rehabilitation and education.He has been a member of a UNESCO body and has been on the board of the Fast Track Initiative (now known as the Global Partnership for Education). He has also received Defenders of Democracy Award from US in 2009.
Malala Yousafzay, born 12 July 1997 from Pakistan , has already fought for several years for the right of girls to education, and has shown by example that children and young people, too, can contribute to improving their own situations. This she has done under the most dangerous circumstances( and she was attacked by Taliban and very critically injured). Through her heroic struggle she has become a leading spokesperson for girls’ rights to education.

Nobel Prize Literature 2014

Nobel Prize Literature 2014. Patrick Modiano of France has won the Nobel Prize for Literature2014. Modiano has studied Nazi Occupation and its effect o his country throughout his life.His novel, 
'Missing Person' won the prestigious Prix Goncourt in 1978. ring of Roads; a Novel, Villa Triste, A Trace of Malice , Honeymoon are some of his famous work out of about more than 40 works in French.
Jewishness, the Nazi occupation and loss of identity are recurrent themes in his novels.

Mark Zukerberg, facebook CEO and co-founder was in India to attend the firstInternet.org summit and launch the services in India. Internet.org was globally launched last year and aims to bring two-thirds of population internet connectivity.
He has met PM Modi. Facebook India's plan include a 1 million dollar fund to develop apps for farmers, migrants and women.

Nadir Patel

Nadir Patel.44-year-old , Indo-Canadian Nadir Patel has been appointed as Canada’s new High Commissioner to India.Patel has served as Canada’s consul-general in Shanghai from 2009 to 2011.

2000 Km Road in Arunachal

Union Minister of State for Home Affairs Kiren Rijiju has said that a 2000 Km road is in a conceptual stage. The road will be in East- West axis along Mc Mohan Line, between Mago-Thingbu in Tawang to Vijaynagar in Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh.

'Hand-in- Hand' exercise

Military authorities of India and China are decided to conduct a four-day joint military exercise, called 'Hand-in- Hand' exercise from 3 November at Pune.The original venue of the exercise was Bathinda in Punjab.

This will be the fourth edition since it started in 2007 with Kunming in China hosting the first edition, followed by an exercise in Belgaum Karnataka in 2008. The third edition was hosted after five years at Miaoergang in China.The gap was due to India calling off all after China had refused a visa to a Lt General on the premise that he was serving in J&K.

Raghuram Rajan

Raghuram Rajan,Governor, Reserve Bank of India has been conferred with the Best Central Bank Governor award for 2014 by Euromoney magazine.

Naturally Occuring Acid and Strong Acids

Acid.
1. Naturally Occurring Acids. These are weak acids. the word 'acid' comes from Latin word 'acidus' which means sour. Acids have a sour taste.
Acid Present In
Citric Acid- Citrus fruits ( oranges, lemons)
Lactic Acid- Milk, curd
Acetic Acid- Vinegar
Tartaric Acid-Tamarind,grapes, unripe mangoes
Amino Acids-Proteins
Tannic Acid- Tea
Malic Acid-Apple 
Carbonic Acid-carbonated drinks like coke,Pepsi etc
2.Strong Acid. Some acids are strong and dangerous to handle and cause serious skin burns.
Sulphuric Acid is one of the strongest acids and widely used in industry.Nitric acid and Hydrochloric acid are other strong acids. Our stomach also produes Hydrochloric acid which help us in digesting food.
An acid turns blue litmus red. Litmus is a natural indicator obtained from lichens.
The naturally occurring acids present in human and plants are organic acids but hydrochloric, sulphuric and nitric acids are mineral acids.Todilute an acid, acid must be added to water slowly and not otherwise.
Aqua Regia,made of 3 parts of HCL and 1 part of Nitric Acid, can dissolve even gold and platinum.
The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. It ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral, so pure water has a pH of 7. A pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic.

Each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value.

Satvahana Dynasty

Satvahana Dynasty prospered in North Western Deccan.It first arose in first century BC, near Paithan near present day Aurangabad (Maharshtra). Godavari river flows close by.They are credited for establishing peace in the country, resisting the onslaught of foreigners after the decline of Mauryan Empire.They patronised Hinduism and served as a cultural bridge between Gangetic North and South India. The dynasty lasted about 450 years, until around 220 CE.

Satvahana,also known as Andhras, fought the Sungas, the Kanvas of Magadha, foreign invaders like the Sakas, Yavanas and Pahlavas. Their struggles with the Western Kshatrapas went on for a long time.

Gautamiputra Satakarni, the 23 rd Satvahana ruler, was the greatest among all the all Satvahana ruler.Satavahana Empire gained considerable prosperity due to two Ashwamedha sacrifices conducted successfully by Gautamiputra He took the titles of:-
1.Trisamudrapibatohayavahana (one whose horses had drunk waters from 3 oceans)
2. Sakayavanapallavanisudana (destroyer of Saka, Yavana and Pahlavas).

The Maikal Hills

Satpura Range,meaning seven folds, is a range of hills, in Deccan plateau, stretching 900 km across Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh states. It has the Mahadeo Hills to the north, the Maikala Range to the east, and the Rajpipla Hills to the west.

The Maikal Hills are located in Chhattisgarh and The Mahadeo Hills are in Madhya Pradesh, forming the central part of the Satpura Range.

question SSC
Which of the following statement is correct
a. Mahadeo Hills are in the West of Maikala Hills.
b. Mahadeo Hills are the part of Karnataka Plateau.
c. Mahadeo Hills are in the East of Chotanagpur Plateau.
d. Mahadeo Hills are the part of Aravali ranges.
Your take ?

Question SSC

Question SSC
Natural sources of air pollution are:-
a. Forest fires.
b. Volcanic eruption.
c. Dust storm.
d.Smoke from burning dry leaves

Volcanoes are one of the most important natural causes of air pollution is volcanic eruption, in which sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride are emitted.Sulfur dioxide gas can cause acid rain.Volcanic ash can move thousands of miles with wind and can cause severe respiratory problem.
Volcanic eruptions can generate a large amount of polluting gases and ash and can block the sun’s rays. Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991 is one example.

Forest fires emit carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter which are mixtures of soot, tars, and volatile organic substances.Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas and is emitted in large amounts in these forest fires.Nitrogen oxides are released only during most severe fires where temperature is around 1,500 degree Celcius.

Sunda trench

Sunda trench. Also known as Java Trench, is 2,600 kilometres long , with a maximum depth of 7,725 metres. It is located in the Northeastern Indian Ocean.
Sunda trench forms the boundary between Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian plate ( Sunda Plate). 
The trench is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire as well. It is also one of a ring of oceanic trenches around the northern edges of the Australian Plate.
SSC Question 
Sunda trench is located in :-
a. Indian Ocean
b. Pacific Ocean 
c Atlantic Ocean 
d. Gulf of Mexico

The Ten Sikh Gurus

The Ten Sikh Gurus:-
First Guru- Guru Nanak 
Second Guru- Guru Angad 
Third Guru- Guru Amardas 
Fourth Guru- Guru Ramdas
Fifth Guru -Guru Arjan 
Sixth Guru -Guru Hargobind 
Seventh Guru -Guru Har Rai 
Eighth Guru -Guru Harkrishan 
Ninth Guru- Guru Tegh Bahadur
Tenth Guru- Guru Gobind Singh

question SSC
Who succeeded Guru Nanak
a. Guru Angad
b. Guru Ramdas
c. Guru Arjan
d. Guru Hargobind

United Nations day

United Nations day.this day is celebrated every year on 24 October.It marks the day in 1945 when the Charter of the United Nations was brought into force.

World Polio Day

World Polio Day. 24 October is observed as World Polio Day.The day was established by Rotary International over a decade ago to commemorate the birth of Jonas Salk.
Jonas Salk led the first team to develop a vaccine against poliomyelitis. He use inactivated(dead) poliovirus vaccine .
Subsequently widespread use of the oral poliovirus of attenuated virus was developed by Albert Sabin.
The discovery of the vaccines led to the establishment of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988. Since then, GPEI has reduced polio worldwide by 99%.
In 2012, transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus have been found to continue in Nigeria, Afghanistan, and Pakistan.